Inflammation

Exercise training is well known for increasing the energy our muscles use, reducing how much our adipose tissues stores, but also for changing our immune system. In this paper we found that during exercise, muscle secretes into circulation a small molecule (kynurenic acid) that activates a cell surface receptor (GPR35) in both fat cells and certain immune cells that reside in the adipose tissue. The result of this inter-organ communication is higher energy expenditure, and an anti-inflammatory state of the adipose tissue

In this article we review the current understanding of how exercise and trained muscles can change the levels of compounds that result from the degradation of the amino acid tryptophan (they’re called kynurenines or kynurenine metabolites). There are several of these molecules and they can have diverse effects on the body. We also speculate on what directions this field might take in the future

This is a review article that summarizes current knowledge on how some nutrients obtained from food play a dual role in human health: they provide energy and building blocks for cells and tissues, but they also constitute important messengers that can impact mental health or how an organism decides to store energy or use it

Let’s find a way to help patients with fatty liver disease by understanding the molecular mechanisms behind disease development!